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microenvironment
microenvironment
Danh từ
Số nhiều: microenvironments
This term is primarily used in scientific, ecological, and medical registers to describe a niche where conditions differ from the macro-scale surroundings. In biology and oncology, it specifically refers to the complex cellular and molecular neighborhood that can either support or inhibit the growth of a target cell, such as a cancer cell.
While the word describes a small area, it is used as a countable noun. It is often paired with adjectives like "hostile," "stable," or "specialized" to describe the specific nature of the localized conditions.
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nichehabitatcelltissueorganmatrixstromaextracellularcytokinechemokinehormoneproteinenzymereceptorligandmoleculeionoxygenglucosenutrientmetabolismhomeostasisdiffusionosmosispermeabilitygradientsignalinginteractionadhesionmigrationproliferationapoptosisnecrosisangiogenesisinflammationimmuneleukocytemacrophagelymphocytefibroblastendotheliumcollagenelastinhyaluronanproteoglycanscaffoldbiocompatibilitycultureincubatorpetri dishbioreactormicroscopescaledimensionlocalityproximityboundaryinterfacecompartmentmilieuecologyecosystembiodiversitysymbiosisparasitismcommensalismadaptationevolutionselectionstressstimulusresponsefeedbackregulationequilibriumconcentrationsolubilityviscositytension