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chemoautotroph
chemoautotroph
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Số nhiều: chemoautotrophs
This term is a specialized scientific designation used primarily in microbiology, ecology, and geochemistry. It describes a specific metabolic strategy where organisms derive energy from inorganic chemical reactions rather than sunlight, making it a critical concept when discussing extreme environments like deep-ocean hydrothermal vents or subterranean caves.
In academic writing, it is often contrasted with photoautotrophs (which use light) and heterotrophs (which consume organic carbon). Because it describes a biological classification, it is used as a precise technical label rather than a general descriptive term.
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chemolithotrophchemoheterotrophphotoautotrophphotoheterotrophautotrophbacteriaarchaeametabolismenergycarbonsulfurnitrogenironhydrogenoxidationreductionelectronenzymecatalystglucosebiomassbiosynthesisfixationcarbon dioxidehydrothermal ventdeep seaoceancrustlithosphereextremophilethermophilehalophileacidophileanaerobeaeroberespirationnutrientmineralchemicalsubstratemetabolitecycleecosystemtrophic levelprimary producerbiogeochemistrymicrobemicrobiologytaxonomyphylogenyorganismcellmembraneproteinamino acidphosphatenitratesulfateammoniamethanechemosynthesisphotosynthesischlorophyllpigmentelectron donorelectron acceptor