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significance level
This term is a technical specification used exclusively within the domain of inferential statistics. It represents a threshold for decision-making, acting as a boundary to determine whether an observed effect is likely due to chance or a real phenomenon. It is most frequently associated with the p-value; if the p-value is less than or equal to the significance level, the result is deemed statistically significant.
In professional research, the choice of this level (commonly 0.05, 0.01, or 0.10) reflects the researcher's tolerance for Type I errors, which occur when a null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected. Because it is a fixed parameter set before data collection, it differs from the p-value, which is a calculated result of the data itself.
Ý nghĩa
The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true, typically denoted by alpha in statistics.
The researcher set the significance level at 0.05 to determine if the results were statistically significant.