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assessment
/əˈsɛs.mənt/
An objective process of measuring value, quality, or cost. It carries a professional, clinical, or administrative tone, often implying a structured methodology rather than a casual opinion. In educational or workplace contexts, it suggests a formal judgment used to determine progress or competence. Unlike "opinion," which is subjective, an assessment implies the use of evidence or specific criteria. When used in financial or legal terms, it shifts toward the imposition of a required payment. Here, the nuance is one of authority and obligation, where a governing body determines the amount owed.
Countable when referring to a specific test or a particular judgment ('The teacher gave us three different assessments'). Uncountable when referring to the general process of evaluating something ('This project requires careful assessment').
意味
The evaluation or appraisal of the nature, ability, or quality of something or someone.
"A quick assessment of the damage."
An amount of money that someone has to pay, especially as a tax or a contribution.
"The annual assessment for the club."
コロケーション・複合語
perform an assessment
To carry out an evaluation or appraisal.
We need to perform an assessment of the project's feasibility.
initial assessment
The first evaluation or appraisal of a situation or person.
The doctor's initial assessment was that it was minor.
final assessment
The concluding evaluation or appraisal.
The final assessment will determine the grade.
risk assessment
The process of identifying and evaluating potential hazards.
A thorough risk assessment is crucial before starting.
independent assessment
An evaluation conducted by an unbiased third party.
We requested an independent assessment of the property.
語源
The word 'assessment' entered English in the mid-17th century, derived from the Latin 'assessus', the past participle of 'assidere', meaning 'to sit beside'. This Latin term originally referred to a judge or official sitting beside someone to help them, or more specifically, to a tax official sitting beside a taxpayer to determine the amount of tax due. The 'ad-' prefix signifies 'to' or 'toward', and 'sedere' means 'to sit'. Thus, 'assess' literally meant 'to sit by' in the context of evaluating or judging liability, particularly for taxes. The noun 'assessment' emerged from this verb, referring to the act of determining a value or charge. Its usage evolved to encompass any form of evaluation or appraisal, not just fiscal ones, by the late 18th century.