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foundation
The word centers on the concept of a base that supports everything above it. Whether physical (a building), intellectual (knowledge), or organizational (an institution), there is a strong connotation of stability, permanence, and necessity. In a structural sense, it implies something hidden but vital; if the foundation is weak, the entire superstructure is at risk. This carries over into abstract usage, where a "strong foundation" suggests a reliable starting point that ensures future success. When referring to organizations, the word shifts toward legacy and philanthropy. It conveys a sense of formality and long-term commitment, often associated with wealth and institutionalized generosity. In cosmetics, the nuance is about creating a blank canvas. It is the primary layer that smooths imperfections to allow other colors or products to be applied effectively.
Countable when referring to a charitable organization ('a non-profit foundation') or the physical base of a building ('the house has deep foundations'). Uncountable when referring to makeup applied to the skin ('she wears liquid foundation') or as an abstract basis for knowledge ('a foundation in mathematics').
意味
The lowest load-bearing part of a building, typically below ground level.
"The house was built on a concrete foundation to prevent sinking."
An underlying basis or principle from which something is developed.
"A strong knowledge of grammar provides the foundation for learning a new language."
An institution established for a particular purpose, often charitable, funded by an endowment.
"The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has invested billions in global health."
A cosmetic cream or powder applied to the face to create an even skin tone.
"She applied a light layer of liquid foundation before adding blush."
The act of establishing or starting an organization, institution, or city.
"The university celebrates the anniversary of its foundation in 1850."