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complementary distribution
This term is a technical linguistic concept used specifically in phonology to describe the relationship between allophones. It describes a strict binary or multi-way split where the presence of one sound predicts the absence of another in a specific environment, ensuring there is no overlap in their occurrence.
Because this is a specialized scientific term, it is almost exclusively used in academic or professional linguistic contexts. It is distinct from contrastive distribution, where two sounds can occur in the same environment to create a difference in meaning between words.