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oxidation state
This term is a technical convention used in chemistry to track electrons in a chemical reaction. It does not represent a real, physical charge on an atom in a covalent bond, but rather a bookkeeping tool that assumes all bonds are purely ionic for the sake of calculation.
In academic and professional scientific writing, the term is used with high precision. It is often paired with the word "formal" to emphasize that the value is a theoretical assignment rather than a measured electrostatic charge.
Meanings
Examples
We must determine the oxidation state for the exam.
The detective noticed the metal had a different oxidation state.
This potion alters the oxidation state of the gold.
The report details the precise oxidation state of the catalyst.
Ancient coins reveal a unique oxidation state due to burial.