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rough

形容詞他動詞

複数形: null過去形: roughed過去分詞: roughed現在分詞: roughing比較級: rougher最上級: roughest

This word carries a strong sensory association with friction and jaggedness. It evokes a tactile feeling of resistance, whether it is the physical grit of sandpaper or the emotional turbulence of a bad day. It suggests a lack of refinement or a state of raw, unpolished existence. In professional or technical contexts, the word shifts from a negative connotation of coarseness to a neutral one of approximation. A rough draft or a rough estimate is not seen as poor quality, but rather as a necessary first step before precision is applied.

意味

形容詞

Having an uneven or coarse surface.

"The rough bark of the pine tree."

形容詞

Not smooth or polished in manner or behavior.

"He has a rough way of speaking."

形容詞

Difficult, unpleasant, or harsh.

"They had a rough start to the marriage."

形容詞

Approximate or not exact.

"I have a rough idea of the cost."

他動詞

[someone][something]

To shape something in a basic way without detail.

"The sculptor roughed out the figure in clay."