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strata
This term is the plural form of the Latin word stratum. In scientific and academic contexts, it refers to distinct layers of material, while in sociological contexts, it describes the hierarchical divisions of a population. Because it is a plural-only form in common usage, it typically requires a plural verb (e.g., "the strata are").
When referring to a single layer, the singular form stratum is used. However, in modern English, strata is frequently encountered as a collective noun describing a system of layers, maintaining its plural grammatical status even when the concept is viewed as a single geological or social structure.
Meanings
Examples
The cliff face reveals distinct sedimentary strata from the Cretaceous period.
The cliff face reveals distinct sedimentary strata from the Cretaceous period.
Look at these strata in the rock; you can see where the sea level rose.
The fossil was found in the lower strata of the excavation site.
We need to ensure our marketing reaches all socioeconomic strata.
People from different social strata rarely interact in this city.
The policy is designed to benefit the lower strata of society.
I wonder if people from the upper strata of the court actually believe that.
The soil consists of several organic strata layered over limestone.