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lethal dose
This term is primarily used in toxicology, pharmacology, and forensic science to describe a precise threshold of toxicity. It carries a clinical and objective tone, focusing on the biological result of exposure rather than the intent behind the administration of the substance.
In technical contexts, it is often associated with the "LD50" (median lethal dose), which refers to the amount of a material that kills 50% of a test population. While "lethal" implies death, the phrase "lethal dose" specifically quantifies the amount required to achieve that outcome, distinguishing it from a "toxic dose," which may cause illness or permanent damage without necessarily being fatal.