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effect size
This term is a technical statistic used primarily in quantitative research and meta-analyses to describe the strength of a finding. While a p-value indicates whether an effect exists, the effect size describes how large that effect actually is, providing a standardized metric that allows researchers to compare results across different studies regardless of their sample sizes.
In academic writing, it is typically used in the results or discussion sections of a paper. It is often paired with specific measures such as Cohen's d, Pearson's r, or eta-squared. Misusing this term in a general context to mean a "big result" can be imprecise, as it refers specifically to the standardized magnitude of the difference or relationship.
Meanings
A quantitative measure of the magnitude of a phenomenon or the strength of a relationship between two variables, independent of sample size.
The researchers reported a large effect size, indicating that the intervention had a substantial impact on student performance.