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surely
This adverb often functions as a sentence modifier to express a speaker's strong expectation or a plea for agreement. When used at the beginning of a sentence, it frequently conveys a sense of disbelief or irony, suggesting that the opposite of what is being said would be absurd.
In a descriptive sense, it denotes a physical or mental steadiness. While "certainly" is often used for factual agreement or permission, "surely" carries a more subjective, emotional weight, often signaling that the speaker is trying to persuade the listener or confirm a suspicion.