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differential count
This term is a specialized medical expression used primarily in hematology and clinical pathology. It refers to the process of identifying and quantifying the specific subtypes of leukocytes, such as neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils, rather than simply measuring the total white blood cell count.
In a clinical setting, a differential count is typically requested when a general complete blood count (CBC) indicates an abnormality. It provides diagnostic clues for specific conditions, such as bacterial infections, viral infections, or allergic reactions, based on which cell type is elevated or depleted.