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opportunist
This term carries a strong negative connotation when applied to people, suggesting a lack of integrity or a willingness to betray values for personal gain. It describes a predatory approach to social or political navigation where the individual prioritizes timing and advantage over loyalty or morality.
In biological and medical contexts, the word is used neutrally to describe pathogens. An opportunistic infection occurs when a microbe that is normally harmless becomes pathogenic because the host's defenses are lowered, shifting the meaning from moral failing to biological capability.