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hamming code
This term refers to a specific class of error-correcting codes used primarily in digital communications and computer memory. It is characterized by its ability to identify the exact position of a single-bit error, allowing the system to flip the bit back to its correct state without needing to retransmit the data.
In technical discourse, it is often contrasted with simpler parity checks, which can detect that an error occurred but cannot locate or fix it. Because it is a specialized technical term from information theory, it is used almost exclusively in the contexts of computer science, electrical engineering, and telecommunications.