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lowlander
The term is primarily used as a geographical or sociological descriptor to distinguish people based on their place of residence. It is almost always used in direct contrast with "highlander."
In a modern context, it is rarely used in everyday conversation unless discussing specific regional demographics or altitude-related physiological effects (such as altitude sickness). It appears most frequently in historical accounts of regional conflicts or in fantasy world-building to establish cultural and social divides between coastal/plain dwellers and mountain dwellers.
Depending on the context, it can carry a subtle connotation of being more "civilized" or "urbanized" (if the lowlands are the seat of power) or, conversely, being "soft" or "unaccustomed to hardship" compared to the perceived ruggedness of highlanders.
Meanings
Examples
The lowlander struggled to breathe in the thin mountain air.
I wonder if a lowlander could ever survive a winter in the peaks.
The trade agreement was signed between the highlanders and the lowlanders.
You look like a typical lowlander from the southern coast.
The lowlander merchants brought exotic spices from the river delta.
As a lowlander, he found the rugged terrain of the highlands intimidating.
The conflict between the lowlander peasants and the mountain lords lasted for decades.
He is a lowlander by birth but has lived in the hills for twenty years.