undervoltage

This term is primarily used in technical, engineering, and electrical contexts to describe a specific failure state. It carries a neutral, descriptive tone but often implies a problematic condition that can lead to equipment malfunction or system instability.

In professional documentation, it is frequently contrasted with overvoltage. While it refers to a state of deficiency, it is not used colloquially to describe general power outages, but rather the specific drop in electrical potential while the circuit remains active.