lower class

This term carries a strong socio-economic connotation and can be perceived as pejorative or stigmatizing depending on the context. In modern sociological or political discourse, terms like "low-income," "underprivileged," or "working class" are often preferred to avoid the perceived judgment associated with "class" labels.

When used as an adjective, it describes the environment, characteristics, or people associated with this demographic. When used as a noun, it refers to the collective group. Users should be aware that the term often implies a lack of social capital and systemic disadvantage rather than just a lack of financial wealth.