迷信

The word refers to beliefs or customs that lack scientific evidence or logical reasoning, often attributing cause-and-effect to supernatural or mystical forces. It carries a strong connotation of being "irrational" or "groundless."

In a social context, calling something a "superstition" often implies a critical or dismissive stance, suggesting that the belief is outdated or foolish. However, it can also be used neutrally when discussing cultural folklore or traditional customs.

It is crucial to distinguish "meishin" (superstition) from "shinkou" (faith/religious belief). While "shinkou" is generally used for organized religion or deeply held spiritual convictions and is treated with respect, "meishin" is specifically used for fragmented, unproven beliefs (e.g., "breaking a mirror brings bad luck"). Using "meishin" to describe someone's genuine religious faith can be perceived as offensive or derogatory.