darning

This term describes a specific, meticulous method of textile repair that differs from simple patching. While a patch adds a piece of fabric over a hole, darning involves weaving thread directly into the existing warp and weft of the garment to recreate the missing structure. It is most commonly associated with woolens, such as socks and sweaters, where the knit allows for this interlacing technique.

In modern usage, the word often carries a nostalgic or domestic connotation, evoking images of traditional home economics and sustainability. As an adjective, it typically modifies specialized tools, such as a darning egg or darning mushroom, which are used to provide a firm, curved surface to keep the fabric taut during the repair process.