Note: The translation for this entry is currently under quality review. Some content is temporarily displayed in English only.
reference
/ˈɹɛf.(ə)ɹəns/
The word centers on the concept of 'pointing toward' something else to establish a connection, verify truth, or provide context. It is an intellectual anchor that links a current statement or person to an external source of authority.
In professional and academic contexts, it carries a formal tone of validation. Whether it is a cited paper or a professional contact, the 'reference' serves as evidence that a claim is not isolated but supported by existing data or testimony.
When used as a mention (e.g., "making reference to"), it often implies a brief or indirect touch upon a subject rather than an exhaustive discussion. It differs from 'mention' in that it often suggests the referenced item has a specific significance or established identity.
Countable when referring to a specific person providing a job recommendation or a particular mention of something ('He made three references to the law'). Uncountable when referring to the general act of consultation or the quality of being used for information ('The book is for reference only').
💬Casual Conversation
Just pushed the Q3 report. Think it's pretty solid.
Where's the data reference for those growth projections?
Meanings
The action of mentioning or alluding to something.
He made a brief reference to his previous experience in the interview.
A person who can provide a recommendation for someone applying for a job.
My former professor agreed to act as a professional reference for me.
Examples
She is my professional reference.
Collocations & Compounds
reference book
A book containing facts and information, such as a dictionary or encyclopedia.
I consulted a reference book to check the spelling.
reference point
A fixed point or object used as a basis for measurement or comparison.
The North Star serves as a reference point for navigation.
reference material
Information or data that can be used to check or support something.
Please provide all reference material to support your claims.
reference number
A unique number assigned to identify a particular item, transaction, or record.
Please quote the reference number when you call.
reference library
A library where books may not be taken out and are intended to be consulted for information.
She spent hours in the reference library researching her thesis.
Idioms & Sayings
without reference to
Without considering or taking into account.
The decision was made without reference to the latest market trends.
in reference to
Concerning; regarding.
I am writing in reference to your advertisement in yesterday's newspaper.
cross-reference
A reference from one part of a book or document to another part.
The index includes a cross-reference to related topics.
Etymology
The word 'reference' entered English in the late 15th century, originating from the Latin word 'referre', meaning 'to carry back' or 'to report'. It evolved from the verb 'refer' and initially meant the act of referring or directing something. By the 16th century, it also came to mean a source of information or an authority that one refers to. The sense of a person providing information about another's character or abilities developed in the 19th century, particularly in the context of employment.